What is a Pinguecula?

A pinguecula is a yellowish patch or bump on the white of the eye, most often on the side closest to the nose. It is not a tumor, but a thickening of normal tissue resulting in a deposit of protein and fat. A pinguecula may also be a response to chronic eye irritation or sunlight.

How is a pinguecula treated?

No treatment is necessary unless it becomes inflamed. A pinguecula does not grow onto the cornea or threaten sight. Lubrication with artificial tears helps to relieve the irritation. Occasionally, anti-inflammatory drops may be used briefly. Sunglasses protect the eye from UV light.

What is a Pterygium?

A pterygium is fleshy tissue that grows over the cornea (the clear front window of the eye). It may remain small or may grow large enough to interfere with vision. A pterygium most commonly occurs on the inner corner of the eye, but can appear on the outer corner as well.

What causes a pterygium?

A pterygium is similar to a pinguecla, only larger. Pterygia occur more often in people who spend a great deal of time outdoors, especially in sunny climates. Long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays, and chronic eye irritation from dry, dusty conditions seem to play an important causal role. A dry eye condition may contribute to pterygia development. Pterygia are more often seen in people from tropical climates, but can be found in others as well.

How is a pterygium treated?

When a pterygium becomes red and irritated, eyedrops or ointments may be used to help reduce the inflammation. These eyedrops are usually artificial tears, but occasionally, anti-inflammatory eyedrops may be required. Sunglasses to protect the eyes from UV light may aid against the progression of the pterygium. If the pterygium is large enough to threaten sight, it can be removed surgically.

Despite proper surgical removal, the pterygium may return, particular in young people. Even after the pterygium is removed, the underlying area may have some persistent redness.