Fungal infection of the nail is called "onychomycosis." It is increasingly common with increased age. It rarely affects children.

Diagnosis

Onychomycosis must be distinguished from bacterial infections, psoriasis, eczema, lichen planus, warts, and onychogryphosis.

To confirm the diagnosis and identify the infection, nail clippings can be taken in the doctor’s office. This will be sent for lab tests.

Treatment

• Treatment of onychomycosis can require an oral antifungal medication.
• Mild infections may respond to topical agents.
• Fingernail infections are usually cured more quickly and effectively than toenail infections.
• Oral antifugal medications interact with other medications and can cause side effects. Discuss treatment carefully with your doctor.

Recurrences

• Recurrence of fungal nail infection can occur after treatment with either oral antifungal medications or topical agents.
• Many people choose not to treat fungal nail infections due to frequency of recurrence, cost, and risk of side effects from the medication.

Prevention

• Keep toenails trimmed short to prevent trauma.
• Use an antifungal cream (i.e. Miconazole, Lamisil cream) on the feet to prevent spread from the nails to the feet.
• Use an antifungal powder to control perspiration (Zeasorb AF powder).
• Wash and dry feet completely.
• Avoid being barefoot in public places, i.e. swimming pools, locker rooms.

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