Trauma to the eyelids and bony orbits often require surgical repair by an oculoplastic specialist for an optimal functional and aesthetic result. Orbital trauma resulting in injury of the bones around the eyes often results from car accidents, or sports injuries. Restoring the bony orbit around the eyes is important for eye positioning and vision. Scar tissue can result from injury or surgery which may be unsightly or deforming to the eyelid. Scarring can cause poor function and closure of the eyelid, notching of the eyelid margin, drooping eyelids, misdirected lashes, and ultimately irritation to the eye. Scar revision can be addressed surgically to improve these problems.

Orbital infections, such as orbital cellulitis, orbital abcess, dacryocystitis can be sight threatening and require immediate attention by a physician. Orbital cellulitis can result from adjacent sinus infections, tear duct infections, chalazia, lacerations or skin abrasions, and can spread rapidly to form and abcess or involve the brain. Treatment usually involves oral or intravenous antibiotics and possible surgery. A localized inflammation of the eyelid, or chalazia is a clogged gland that becomes inflamed, red and tender. Treatment if often warm compresses and antibiotic ointment, but sometimes incision and drainage is necessary.